How to Open a Halfway House Or a Recovery Home

To begin with, let us tell you that this article is going toRULES & REGULATIONS
smash any preconceptions out there regarding openingIMMEDIATE DISCHARGE
a halfway house in the USA. You do not need a*Being under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs
license, permit, or any other document to open a*Possession of alcohol/drugs
halfway house. If any person, government official,*Possession of weapons
government agency, zoning commission, etc. tells you*Threats either verbal or physical, or acts of violence,
otherwise, they are engaging in illegal and unfairfighting
practices. Know your rights (see bellow links to know*Property destruction or altering the physical
your rights).construction of the premises, including interior walls
NATIONAL LAWS (ADA) ALWAYS SUPERSEDE*Failure to submit a U/A (which are always at your
LOCAL LAWS.cost)
Just for a hypothetical situation; let's say that 3 people*Unaccountable or discrepancies in times off of
who have depression decide to become roommatespremises
in a home. Should they be shut down and kicked out*Lies, either found on your intake paperwork or
of the neighborhood because of their disability? Doesotherwise, stealing, unusual behavior, and any criminal
that mean they have to get a license or permit toactivity
stay? Of course not. They are protected under the*Failure to comply with rules and/or staff directions
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act), as well as other1. You are required to attend at least 3 12-Step
determinations (see links below) against suchmeetings per week, have a program book, (Big Book,
discrimination. Havingchemically dependent persons in aNA Text, etc.), and have your meeting slipsigned by a
home is no different!!! Alcoholics and addicts have themember of the group, and not another resident, and
same laws to protect them.attend on-premises "House Meetings" which are held 2
It is a well known fact that City Councils have tried totimes per week, 1-2 hours per meeting.
stop halfway houses in their neighborhoods by stating2. House meeting attendance is mandatory, (which
that a halfway house with alcoholics and/or addicts, inmeans you must arrange for employment that does
other words disabled persons, (and alcoholics andnot interfere with these meetings), there areno
addicts qualify as disabled under the ADA), must notexceptions to this rule.
have roommates (as in 2 people in a room at a3. For the first 30 days you are to remain on premises,
house), which prevents most halfway houses from(during this time you are expected to be working on
opening.your steps), and must arrange 12-Step meeting
If you have a house, and you want to open a halfwayattendance with another resident who is not on
house, and your mortgage payment is $700.00 perrestriction, and this must be pre-approved by the
month (see additional expenses at the bottom of thishouse manager.
paragraph), there are many things to consider before4. You are required to sign-out when leaving the
accepting residents into your house. Let's say,premises, and sign-in upon return- all leaves must be
hypothetically, you follow licensing and zoning guidelines.pre-approved by the house manager inadvance, and
With the average charge to a resident with aany inconsistencies in leave times are grounds for
substance abuse problem, being around $125.00 perdischarge.
week, you can see that if you went with what the5. Rent must be paid every Friday directly to the
license division / politicians tell you, (which are illegalhouse manager, and kept up to date without
tactics), you would be out of business shortly. Keep inexception.
mind that in addition to your mortgage payment are6. You must see the house manager at least 1 time
things such as: utilities, phone service, water, food,per week to discuss your recovery program- it does
furniture, cooking utensils, beds, sheets- basicallynot count as a visit to discuss program while paying
everything you would need to survive, etc.rent, unless the house manager chooses to do so.
On the other hand, if you did not license your house,7. You must obtain a Home Group and a Sponsor
you could put in 2 or 3 people in a room and keep(You must provide a contact name and phone
your halfway house open. In other words, helpingnumber), within the first week of residency, and this will
others to get a hand up at living sober. Please readbe verified.
more details below...8. You must have Steps 1,2, and 3 in writing, and
NATIONAL LAWS (ADA) ALWAYS SUPERSEDEpresent these in the House Meeting by the 3rd week,
LOCAL LAWS.along with a copy to the house manager.
How to open a Recovery Home, Halfway House,9. You are required to be employed full time, and you
Sober Living Home OR starting a Half Way Houseare not permitted to quit a job without first discussing it
Recovery Facility*- Resources to assist you. Thiswith the house manager, (employment status will be
article includes information on the standards andchecked on periodically).
requirements of opening and operating a Halfway10. There are certain types of employment that are
House/Recovery Home- NOTE: Not every county innot allowed, and you must speak with the house
the United States approaches standards and licensuremanager
in the same way- it is best to contact your local11. No cab driving, working in bars, clubs, or places that
licensure department and/or zoning division.sell alcohol.
The first thing you should know about opening a12. Your room must be kept neat, with your bed made
halfway house is that you do not need a degree orat all times, rugs vacuumed, toilet cleaned, kitchen area
special certification to open one, and that most operateclean, which means absolutely noglasses, dishes, forks,
without a license/permit. Also, under the ADAknives, spoons, etc. left in the sink at any time, and any
(Americans with Disabilities Act) and The Fair Acttrash disposed of in a timely manner.
Amendment, as well as other determinations, makes it13. You will be assigned daily and weekend chores
illegal to discriminate against halfway houses and the(these are mandatory as part of your stay).
people who own, operate, and live in them. Please see14. All vehicles will have current tags and insurance,
our links below for more information concerning theseand this must be verifiable. Also, there will be no
issues. There are a number of other important issuesstorage of vehicles, and no working on vehicles on the
to cover concerning opening a halfway house that arepremises.
vital to know.15. Bikes and other modes of transportation must be
You must first decide where you will operate. Oncestored in the appropriate locations, and security for
you have determined a location you have a choice inthese are at your own cost.
whether to license* the facility or not. There are also16. Any situation that requires police involvement must
other permits, inspections, zoning variances, etc. tobe discussed with the house manager before the
explore prior to opening up a halfway house. Pleasepolice are called, (any police involvementwithout house
keep in mind that it is your choice whether to obtain amanager approval will be grounds for discharge).
license, permit, and other certifications for the operation17. There are absolutely no visitors allowed on
of a halfway house. If you choose to open a halfwaypremises without prior approval from the house
house without a license, there are certain parametersmanager.
you must operate under to make sure you are not18. There will be no congregating outside, no loud music
shut down by the county/city you operate within. It isor discussions, no walkmans, caps, sunglasses,
always best to check into what is required, allowed,bandanas, or inappropriate dress allowed, and you are
and not allowed by contacting your local licensurerequired to attend to daily hygiene needs.
agency and zoning department.19. No one is allowed in another residents room- period.
Most halfway houses that are not licensed are20. There are no sharing of clothes, personal property,
mandated to NOT provide on-site counseling or otherloaning money, borrowing vehicles, including bikes by
wrap-around services- to avoid additionalpaperworkeither staff or residents.
and hassles, you could provide these services at a21. You may be requested to submit to a U/A at any
local church or other building. Most halfway houses thattime, which may include either with cause or without.
are licensed may need toobtain a zoning variance,22. Any resident who is aware of a rules infraction
simply because (in the eyes of politicians) you areand does not notify the house manager immediately
basically operating a business in a residential area. Youwill be subject to discharge, which includesfinding out
may find thatbecause you are licensing it, the countylater that you knew about it.
(Zoning Commission) will limit the number of people you23. All rooms are subject to inspections at any given
can have in any one room and at any one residence.time, and any room that does not pass inspection may
A halfway house that is going through the licensingcause all residents in that room to bedischarged.
process (and this may take months, even years to24. Smoking is not allowed in rooms.
work out) will be required to have certainstructural25. There will be no illegal hook-ups of cable, or use of
adaptations made (water/fire sprinkler lines installed-cable boxes. Cable hook-ups will be done legally, at
which is very expensive) wheel chair accessible,your cost, and your risk. If bills are not current you will
parking and traffic issues to deal with, etc.be required to cut-off services until the bill is paid for.
There are some overhead details to work out before26. Phone hook-ups are your responsibility, as are the
you start taking in residents. You should know howbills that go along with it.
many residents you will have in each room, what you27. Any cooking done by residents requires immediate
are going to charge each resident, and what servicesclean-up.
are included in this cost or rent. You may also have to28. Any delegation, directive, or request that is made
contend with residents coming in with no money, orby staff will then become a rule.
that some residents will be late and/or short of the29. Any medical conditions and/or injuries must be
entire rent monies owed. It's up to you how you handlebrought to the attention of the house manager.
these situations. If you have a house ready to use as30. Calls to 911 for medical conditions, injuries, etc. must
a Halfway House (providing you have decidedbe approved by the house manager before calling.
whether to license it or not) and your mortgage31. If there is an emergency, call 911, and then notify the
payment, for a 4 bedroom home, is $700.00 per monthhouse manager immediately.
(estimate), you will also need to factor in start-up and32. Any and all medications, including pain pills, psych.
continued costs like food costs per week, water andmeds, aspirin, Advil, cold, flu, sinus, etc. will be kept, and
utility costs, household needs, (paper towels, toiletlocked up by the house manager and dispensed
paper, dish soap, cleaning chemicals, phones, etc.), asaccording to the instructions on the bottle- any Rx. or
well as monthly and yearly costs, (beds and sheets,33. House shut downs will occur if chores are not
TV, computer(s), Internet connection, towels and facedone, the grounds and buildings are not cared for,
clothes, shampoo, dishes and utensils, pest controlrooms are not kept clean, or general attitudes are not
services, vucuum(s), maintenance, etc.)- basicallyin line with house etiquette, and is done so at the
everything you would need if you were starting fromdiscretion of the house manager.
scratch in a new home (considering you have nothing34. All rules and regulations are subject to additions
on hand) only this time it is for X number of people.and changes at the house managers discretion.
Also include additional items, if licensed, like license andThis is not a complete list of all the possible rules and
permit charges, health inspection fees, reports,or violations that may happen, so to insure a healthy,
paperwork and filing, accounting, etc. With the abovehappy, drug and alcohol free recoveryenvironment
example you can clearly see that many licensure andplease do your part to use common sense when it
zoning variances would limit you to having only 4comes to either doing or not doing something that may
people at your house, so meeting your overhead is notaffect yours and otherscontinued stay.
possible- you would be operating in the red everyFinally, staff will not take the role of cop, lawyer, or
month.investigator. This means discharges will occur without
Fair Housing Actinvestigation of who did what, what was said, who is,
A case in point (actual court case) in which, for aor who is not at fault.
period of more than 1 year, a city violated theThe NIMBY Syndrome, (Not In My Back Yard), is one
provisions stated within the Fair Housing Amendmentsarea that an owner of a recovery home / halfway
Act (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, ashouse will have to contend with. It is usually best to
amended by the Fair Housing Amendments Act ofaddress this issue up front before you open, or before
1988, 42 U.S.C. §§3601-3619) and denied theconstruction is started. Your local Zoning Commission
operating of a Halfway House within a residential area.office should be able to provide information on the
In an effort to assist individuals, agencies, religiousarea you plan on opening the halfway house in. The
affiliations, etc. open recovery places and tackle thecensus bureau can provide information on the
unfair and illegal tactics politicians and others are usingneighborhoods make up, (economic base, average
to stop them, NICD has put together some basic, andsalaries made, gender average, average cost of
very needed, resources to aid in the journey. Countieshomes in the area, and other good information to
are using zoningcodes/variances to try and controleducate yourself with).
halfway houses/sober living homes and the totalCheck to see if there is a homeowners association, as
census allowed within these centers. Some of the biasthat could be your best bet in getting to know your
is aneighbors, and them getting to know you.
NIMBY, (Not In My Back Yard) situation, while othersYou should plan on going to one of their meetings
include property value concerns. In any case, thebefore you open, but definitely after you have been
reasons for discrimination and unfair tactics are notarmed with the information that you know will come up
based on fact or material circumstances. Thesefor discussion. Some concerns will be on whether or
counties and individuals are in violation of the law as itnot you will accept violent offenders, psychiatrically
relates to the ADA, (Americans With Disabilities Act),unstable residents, how your home will affect property
Section 36.209 section 510 which describes alcoholicsvalues. You can convince people that you plan on
drug addicts as people with disabilities. The Federal Fairrunning a safe, drug free, and strict program by bringing
Housing Act, (see link below), 42 USC sectiona copy of your intake protocol and halfway house
3604(f)(2) makes it unlawful "to discriminate againstrules. Let them know how you plan on handling the
any person in the terms, conditions, or privileges of salesituation when one of your residents comes up
or rental of a dwelling, or in the provision of services orpositive on a drugscreen. You should develop, in writing,
facilities in connection with such dwelling because of aprotocols for dealing with this and other situations-
handicap." The 42 USC section 3604(f)(3)(B) providesthere should be a plan of action that all staff and
that unlawful discrimination includes failure to makeresidents are to follow in any given situation. There will
"reasonable accommodations in rules, policies,be some fear there, as no one wants a drug addict
practices.providing some resources that you can use indischarged/kicked out in their neighborhood at 1:00 A.M.
starting up a program.on a weekend or any other time.
There are numerous obstacles to overcome in tryingYou need to arm yourself with the facts and also how
to open up a halfway house for alcoholics and/or drugyou will handle all sorts of possible situations. If you
addicts. NICD will attempt to help you bytake the lead and let your neighbors know, before they
Note: Please feel free to copy/print this page, as weask, what they can expect from you, you will go far in
have waived the copyright for this page only.gaining their trust. Just be sure you follow through as
Some additional concerns you may encounter:you promised. It will pave the way to open another site,
The next section has some rules that should be a partif you want to, if you have a great relationship with
of any quality run halfway house. In addition to these isthose that live around your halfway house.
a section for navigating your waythrough getting yourIn six major studies of communities where halfway
residents into benefits and entitlements.houses were opened, no significant change in average
Specific: Halfway Houses Rules- A good halfwayhousing prices could be found (MacNeil & Kappel,
house should have rules. We have constructed some1986, Part III.A.).
that we feel are essential.