Sued on a Debt - Assessing Risk and Value in Debt Collection Cases

A crucial factor in determining the value of a case todoing. Once you start forcing the lawyer to do some
the debt collectors is an accurate assessment of thework, you highlight the facts that they might not have
risk of collection. And this risk in turn is divided into twowhat they need to go after you and that you might
questions, both vital to the decision. First, what is thewin the case. You also increase the dollar value of the
chance of winning a judgment if the case is litigated?risk by forcing the company to spend dollars to chase
We'll call that the "legal risk." And second, what is theyou.
chance of collecting a judgment if it is won? We'll callCollection Risk
that the "collection risk." The first is a question of howCollection risk, or the risk that the company might not
well and how hard you will fight the case, and thebe able to collect from you even if it wins the suit, is a
second is a question of how much money you havemuch more hazy concept than legal risk. On the other
that the debt collector can find.hand, they do have some tools at their disposal to help
That is, and to be very specific about this, these arethem with this.
the debt collector's guesses about these issues. TheyBear in mind that, like the legal risk, collection risk is
look at what they know and try to figure out what willbarely considered before the suit is filed. Again, this is
or may happen. Let's look at the issues separately.simply a question of economics. They believe they will
Legal Riskwin the suit if it is filed, and it does not cost much to file
As surprising as it may seem, the debt collector usuallysuit against you. The costs of filing garnishments at
starts with very little actual idea of what its case's legalyour job or taking your bank accounts is also low-if
"merits" (chance of winning if it goes to a judgment)they can find them. In other words, they do not
are. They normally do not need to know their cases'consider the collection risk before filing suit because
legal merits because so few cases are actuallythe cost is so low. Start fighting the case, though, and
defended. The FTC estimated that as much as 80%you bring this issue to life for them.
or even more of what one large debt collectorIf you ever paid on the debt, you have given them a
collected was never owed by the people theychecking account, and that is the first place they will
collected from at all. They have some basicplan to go for collection. Nothing stops you from
information, and they file suit. As far as I can tell, that ischanging accounts, though. Likewise, if you have told
what most debt collectors do. Later, if necessary, theythem about your current job, they will probably know
may try to find the documents that would help themthat information. If the debt collector doesn't know
win the case. So at the beginning the debt collectorthese things about you, though, can you see how you
starts with a sense that it will win the case, but not bymight not want to volunteer that information?
fighting.Certain kinds of income are not subject to
Does that seem cynical? Well, welcome to thegarnishment. Federal disability would be a prime
business world. If it costs a lot of money to assess theexample, but there are others. The less income the
legal merits of a case that you thought you would windebt collector sees, the higher the collection risk.
just by filing, would you spend any more than you hadAlthough the collectors do not usually do an individual
to? Perhaps some of them do the back-upassessment of your case's collectability before they
research...but you might take it as a rule of thumb thatbring suit, they do know they are usually suing people
the company suing you might not have done it. Andwithout much money. They may also have credit
that would mean that the lawyer you're talking to isreports and other information about you, so they know
basically just bluffing in any statement about the case,this is a big risk for them. If you make the price of that
at least at the beginning.risk-the cost of chasing you higher, you reduce your
Would they do that? You better believe it.attractiveness as a defendant.
You can change the equation by defending yourselfThat's legalese for, "you make it more likely that they
and by knowing, or seeming to know, what you arewill go away and leave you alone.